The Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (the Guidelines) provide guidance to water regulators and suppliers on monitoring and managing drinking water quality.
The Guidelines are available for download below, or in a digital format.
Publication Data
The Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (the Guidelines) provide a basis for determining the quality of water to be supplied to consumers in all parts of Australia. They are intended to provide a framework for the good management of drinking water supplies that if implemented will assure safety at the point of use. The Guidelines are not mandatory legally enforceable standards and the implementation of the guidelines is at the discretion of each state and territory. The Guidelines are used by state and territory health departments and drinking water regulators, local health authorities and water utilities.
The Guidelines undergo a rolling revision to ensure they represent the latest scientific evidence on good quality drinking water. As sections of the Guidelines are revised, the Table of updates will be updated to provide the latest information.
For specific information on how these Guidelines are implemented in the states and territories, please contact the relevant drinking water regulator or health department.
Update 21 October 2024
PUBLIC NOTICE: Public consultation on draft per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) guidance for the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines
The public consultation on draft per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) guidance for the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines opened on 21 October 2024 and closed on 22 November 2024.
Update 26 July 2024
PUBLIC NOTICE: Public consultation on draft guidance for the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (including bismuth, silicon, selenium, lead and manganese fact sheets)
The public consultation on draft guidance for lead replacements in plumbing products, lead and manganese for the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines opened on 26 July 2024 and closed on 6 September 2024.
Table of updates
| Amendment type | Amendment detail | Date updated | Version number | Administrative report |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minor consequential amendments to align the Guidelines to the September 2022 updated guidance on the microbial quality of drinking water, and other minor corrections | Following the September 2022 update on the microbial quality of drinking water in Chapter 5 and Appendix 3 of the Guidelines, consequential amendments have been made in other sections of the Guidelines to ensure the updated guidance is applied consistently. Corrections have been made for minor errors in the explanatory text and footnotes in Chapter 5 and Appendix 3, regarding how the final log reduction values were reached. Other minor corrections in the Guidelines have been actioned to improve clarity and consistency (for example, typographical errors, formatting errors, consistent terminology). Notice of these proposed amendments were issued through Public Notices on the NHMRC website on 28 April 2023 and 22 December 2023. Further details on the minor amendments are provided in the Administrative Report for this update. | December 2024 | 3.9 | Administrative Report: Minor consequential amendments Consequential amendments update – Questions and answers resource |
| Updated guidance on microbial quality of drinking water | Guidance on microbial health-based targets has been developed to assist water regulators and suppliers in better managing health risks from microorganisms found in drinking water. Information in Chapter 5 has been updated to reflect current best practice in managing health risks from microorganisms found in drinking water and Appendix 3 provides details on the derivation of microbial treatment targets for enteric pathogens. Consequential amendments have been made throughout the guidelines to ensure consistency with updated guidance on microbial quality of drinking water. A Questions and answers resource has been prepared to highlight the key changes and provide information on the new concepts introduced in the revised guidance. | September 2022 | 3.8 | Administrative Report: Updated guidance on microbial quality of drinking water Chapter 5: Microbial health-based target update – Questions and answers resource |
| Updated guidance on radiological water quality | Information and terminology in Chapter 7, parts of Chapter 10, Information Sheet 2.2 and factsheets on radium, alpha and beta radionuclides, radon-222 and radiological aspects of the uranium factsheet have been updated to reflect current best practice in radiation protection and radiation measurement. | January 2022 | 3.7 | Administrative Report: Updated guidance on radiological water quality |
| Minor edits to correct errors in the Guidelines |
| January 2022 | 3.7 | |
| New guidance on short-term exposure values added to Chapter 9 (Section 9.12) | Guidance on short-term exposure values has been developed to assist water regulators and suppliers in managing instances where temporary drinking water contamination occurs, such as during extreme weather events. | March 2021 | 3.6 | Administrative Report: Guidance on Short-Term Exposure Values |
| Minor amendments | Editorial changes have been made to correct minor errors, including:
| March 2021 | 3.6 | |
| Development of a new Chemical Fact Sheet: Per-fluoroalkyl and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) | Health Based Guideline Values and a Fact Sheet on PFAS have been developed. These have been informed by a review conducted by Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) to determine Australian Tolerable Daily Intakes (TDIs) for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS). | August 2018 | 3.5 | |
| Development of a new Chemical Fact Sheet - lanthanum | Chemical Fact Sheet on lanthanum has been developed following a Secondary Notification risk assessment by the National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme | October 2017 | 3.4 | Review of lanthanum fact sheet for inclusion in the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines 2011 |
| Text added to Chapter 6 |
| November 2016 | 3.3 | |
| Text added to Chapter 10 | Addition of guidance for comparing analytical results with rounded guideline values. | November 2016 | 3.3 | |
| Minor amendments | Editorial changes have been made to correct minor errors, and update references. | November 2016 | 3.3 | |
| Removal of text from Chapter 5 – Microbial Quality of Drinking Water |
| November 2016 | 3.3 | |
| Removal of Appendix 3 – National Water Quality Management Strategy | This Appendix is significantly out of date and has been deleted. | November 2016 | 3.3 | |
| Removal of Appendix 4 – Process Report |
| November 2016 | 3.3 | |
|
| February 2016 | 3.2 | |
| Minor amendments to Chapters 8 and 10, Tables 8.4 and 10.5, Information Sheets 1.4, 1.6 and 2.1, and Fact Sheets on Campylobacter, Salmonella and Vibrio | Editorial changes have been made to correct minor errors, provide further clarification and context, and update references. | March 2015 | 3.1 | |
| Review and update of three Chemical Fact Sheets – chloral hydrate, monochloramine and chlorine | Chemical Fact Sheets on chloral hydrate (originally endorsed in 1996), monochloramine (last endorsed in 2011) and chlorine (last endorsed in 2011) have been reviewed and updated following a review of recent literature, including the World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water quality and to correct a rounding error. The guideline value for chloral hydrate has changed. The equivalent guideline value for monochloramine as Cl2/L has changed, which also resulted in a consequential change to the chlorine Fact Sheet. | 19 December 2014 | 3.0 | |
| Minor amendments to contents page and Table 10.5 in relation to changes to the Fact Sheets for chloral hydrate, monochloramine and chlorine | Editorial changes have been made to provide further clarification and update guideline values and naming conventions. | 19 December 2014 | 3.0 | |
| Review and update of eight information sheets for water treatment operators on water disinfection. Includes: Introduction to water treatment, Overview of water disinfection, Disinfection with chlorine, Disinfection with chloramine, Disinfection with chlorine dioxide, Disinfection with ozone, Disinfection with ultra-violet light, Other disinfectant | These Information Sheets replace the previous Information Sheets which were developed in 2004 and were very general in nature. In revising the Information Sheets, the Water Quality Advisory Committee considered the information on water disinfection already included in the 2011 ADWG, international standards including the WHO Drinking-water Guidelines, and reviewed the recent literature on water disinfection. This information was integrated to produce the revised Information Sheets on disinfection of drinking water, which include additional information on practical aspects of water disinfection. | 13 December 2013 | 2.0 | |
| Review and update of four chemical Fact Sheets – benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes | Chemical Fact Sheets on Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylenes (originally endorsed in 1996) have been reviewed and updated following a review of recent literature, including the World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water quality. The guideline values for these chemicals have not been changed as a result of the review. | 13 December 2013 | 2.0 | |
| New resource – Guidance for issuing and lifting a Boil Water Advisory | A new resource has been developed to assist health and environment department officials determine when to issue and lift boil water notices following a drinking water contamination incident. This document has been developed by the WQAC at the request of jurisdictions, following recent natural disasters which led to possible drinking water contamination. | 13 December 2013 | 2.0 |
Document functionality
- The Guidelines are available electronically as a bookmarked PDF and in HTML format.
- The Guidelines have previously only been accessible in a downloadable PDF format. As NHMRC aims to follow and meet the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.2 AA), the Guidelines have now been published in a HTML format to ensure web accessibility. This will also allow the Guidelines to be updated more easily.
- A PDF version of the Guidelines will continue to be made available for download while more sustainable options for generating PDF versions of the Guidelines are explored.
- Feedback on accessibility or issues with the digital version of the Guidelines is welcomed—please send any feedback to water@nhmrc.gov.au.
Process report
This document (available from the download section below) describes the process for the review of the 2004 Australian Drinking Water Guidelines and the development of the 2011 Australian Drinking Water Guidelines. It was previously Appendix 4 to the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (2011).
